Protonation of alkanes (yielding karbenievyh acid ions

1. Introduction ................................................. ......................... 460

2. Bacteria strattera prescription capable of metabolism of hydrocarbons in anoxic conditions .............................. 462

3. Anaerobic catabolism of toluene .............................................. ............. 464

3. A. Way anaerobic toluene transformation benzoate ........................................ 464

3. 2. Benzylsuccinate synthase, an enzyme that catalyzes the initial reaction in anaerobic toluene mineralization ... 465

3. 2. A. The properties of benzylsuccinate synthase .............................................. . 465

3. 2. 2. The proposed mechanism of benzylsuccinate synthase reaction ................................ 466

3. 3. Genetics anaerobic toluene mineralization ............................................. .. 467

4. Anaerobic catabolism of ethylbenzene .............................................. ......... 467

5. Anaerobic metabolism alkanov .............................................. ............. 468 >> << 6. Regulation of anaerobic hydrocarbon metabolism ............................................. . 469

7. Environmental aspects of anaerobic decomposition of hydrocarbon ......................................... 469

8. Conclusion / Weather ............................................... ...................... 470 Acknowledgements 470 References

............................................ ............................

............................................ .................................. << 470 >> 1. Introduction

compounds (aliphatic and alicyclic alkanes), COM-

pounds containing C ^ C double bonds (alkenes)

compounds with C ^ C triple bonds (alkynov) and also

mono-and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. (Eg [1 ^ 4]). Most of the hydrocarbon compounds with

reactivity. Thus, carbohydrate-participation had no

pate in acid-base reactions in aqueous systems, and the EEC.

Protonation of alkanes (yielding karbenievyh acid ions

reactions to the unsaturated C ^ C bonds

alkynov, but not in aromatic rings of relatively mild conditions, ... For example, they decrease << the nation's >> Similarly, methyl or methylene groups

d-or carbonyl groups, respectively. >> << The most common and water. These reactions, which

go through radical intermediates that are initiated

on oxygenation reactions, including molecular oxy

generation as a direct reactant. enzyme-catalyzed oxygen

fluctuations that often occur through radical intermediates,

carbon in biological systems (see below ). drocarbons. alkanes and alkyl side chain aro-

smaller alkanes and alkenes by pyrolysis, or halogen

ated with elementary halogens in the presence of light. Both reactions associated with intermediate free radicals. systems. Yet however, recently found that some bacteria

substrates (see below). by electrophilic substitution. famous ex-

ring halogenation, nitration, sulfonation, diazo-

fily such karbokationy generated in Friedel ^ Crafts

reactions. These reactions usually require conditions

organisms. J. Haider and others /. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 22 (1999) 459 * 473 460.